The Battle for Syria: International Rivalry in the New Middle East by Christopher Phillips

The Battle for Syria: International Rivalry in the New Middle East by Christopher Phillips

Syria's war is usually explained as a civil conflict that outsiders joined. Christopher Phillips argues the outsiders were decisive from very early on.

He examines the calculations of the United States, Russia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Qatar — the miscalculations, the proxies, the assumptions about how quickly Assad would fall — and how their rivalry extended and shaped the fighting.

Clear-eyed and well-sourced. One of the best single books on the modern Middle East.

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✅ Matt cover (Paperback)